Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, kunesidingo esikhulu sokuklama kwe- PCB esheshayo ukusebenza. Ngoba bangasebenza ngamasekethe ahlanganisiwe ngesivinini esikhulu kumadivaysi amaningi kagesi, ngisho nalula. Uma uklama i-PCB enesivinini esikhulu, idinga ukucabangela izici ezithile namapharamitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzothola ukuthi imithetho eyisisekelo yokuklama ye-PCB nezindlela oye wazi kahle yilokho okudingeka ufunde. Akubuzwa, kuzoba usizo olukhulu kubaklami be-PCB ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB enesivinini esikhulu.

Ngakho Iyini I-High Speed ​​PCB Design?

Ukukubeka kalula, idizayini ye-PCB enesivinini esikhulu inoma imuphi umklamo lapho ubuqotho bezimpawu zakho buqala ukuthonywa izici ezibonakalayo zebhodi lesifunda sakho, njengesakhiwo sakho, ukupakishwa, ukunqwabelana kongqimba, ukuxhumana, njll... Uma uqala ukuklama amabhodi futhi uhlangabezana nezinkinga ezinjengokubambezeleka, ukuthotshiswa, inkulumo-mpikiswano, ukucabanga, noma ukukhishwa, bese siyakuhalalisela! Uzithole usemhlabeni wedizayini ye-PCB enesivinini esikhulu.

Okwenza idizayini yesivinini esiphezulu ihluke kakhulu inani lokunakwa okukhokhwa kulezi zinkinga. Ungase usetshenziselwe ukuklama ibhodi elilula lapho isikhathi sakho esiningi esigxilile sisekubekweni kwengxenye kanye nomzila. Kodwa ngedizayini enesivinini esikhulu, kubaluleka kakhulu ukuthi ucabangele ngqo lapho ubeka khona imikhondo yakho, ukuthi azoba ngakanani ububanzi, asondele kangakanani kwamanye amasignali, nokuthi hlobo luni lwezingxenye axhumene nalo. Futhi uma kufanele ucabangele lolu hlobo, inqubo yakho yokuklama ye-PCB izothatha ileveli entsha ngokuphelele.

Manje ake senze isipele isikhashana. Siyazi ukuthi inkomba enhle yedizayini yesivinini esiphezulu yilapho ubhekene nezinkinga zesignali yobuqotho, kodwa lokho kusho ukuthini ngempela? Kudingeka siqonde amasignali ngamafuphi.

Amakhono wokuklama we-PCB anesivinini esiphezulu

1. Yazi isofthiwe yokuklama enganikeza izinketho ezithuthukile

Idinga izici eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zemiklamo enesivinini esiphezulu kusofthiwe yakho ye-CAD. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kungabi nezinhlelo eziningi zabathanda ukuzilibazisa, futhi ngokuvamile alinazo izinketho ezithuthukisiwe ezisekelwe kumasudi eWebhu. Ngakho-ke udinga ukuqonda kangcono amandla, ithuluzi le-CAD.

2. Umzila onesivinini esikhulu

Uma kuziwa ekulandeleleni isivinini esikhulu, umklami udinga ukwazi imithetho yomzila obalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukungasiki izindiza eziphansi kanye nokugcina imizila imfushane. Ngakho-ke gwema imigqa yedijithali ibanga elithile ukusuka ku-crosstalk, futhi uvikele noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okudala izici ukuze kulimaze ubuqotho besignali.

3. Imikhondo yomzila enokulawulwa kwe-impedance

Idinga ukufaniswa kwe-impedance kwezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu ezingaba ngu-40-120 ohms. Futhi ukusikisela okuhambisanayo kophawu kuyizimpondo kanye namapheya amaningi ahlukene.

Kubalulekile kumklami ukuthi azi ukuthi angabalwa kanjani ububanzi bokulandelela kanye nesitaki sesendlalelo ngamavelu adingekayo we-impedance. Uma kungekho amanani alungile wokuphazamiseka, angenza umthelela omubi kusiginali, okuzoholela ekonakaleni kwedatha.

4. Ubude obuhambisana nemigqa

Kunemigqa eminingi emabhasini enkumbulo yesivinini esikhulu namabhasi esixhumi esibonakalayo. Olayini bangasebenza ngamafrikhwensi aphezulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi amasignali asuke kutheminali yokudlulisela aye endaweni eyamukelayo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idinga isici esibizwa ngokuthi ukufanisa ubude. Ngakho izindinganiso ezivame kakhulu zichaza amanani okubekezelela adinga ukufanisa ubude.

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi udinga umklamo wejubane eliphezulu?

1. Ingabe kukhona isikhombimsebenzisi sejubane eliphezulu ebhodini lakho?

Indlela esheshayo yokuthola ukuthi udinga yini ukuthobela imihlahlandlela yokuklama isivinini esikhulu ukuhlola ukuthi unazo yini izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezinesivinini esikhulu, isibonelo i-DDR, i-PCI-e, noma i-interface yevidiyo efana ne-DVI, i-HDMI nokunye.

Kunemithetho ethile yokuklama isivinini esikhulu okudingeka uyilandele kuzo zonke lezi zindawo zokusebenzelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nikeza ukucaciswa okunembile kwedatha ngayinye kumadokhumenti.

2. Isilinganiso sobude bakho bokulandelela ukuya kubude begagasi bezimpawu

Ngokuvamile, i-PCB yakho izodinga idizayini enesivinini esikhulu uma ubude beza beza bomlayezo wakho bufana nobude bokulandelela. Ngoba amanye amazinga afana ne-DDR adinga imikhondo enobude obuhambisana nokubekezelelana okuncane.

Isibalo esikhulu esimaholoholo ukuthi uma ubude bakho bokulandelela kanye ne-wavelength kungalawula ngaphakathi kwe-oda elilodwa kwelinye. Khona-ke kungcono uhlole imiklamo yejubane eliphezulu.

3. I-PCB enezindawo ezingenantambo

Njengoba wazi, i-PCB ngayinye ine-antenna, idinga ukuklama amasignali esivinini kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini ngesixhumi noma ebhodini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-antenna angaphakathi nawo adinga ukuthintana eduze ukuze afanise ubude beculo.

Kuzodingeka ukuthi ixhume kuzixhumi ezinenani elithile le-impedance lamabhodi wesifunda anezixhumi ze-SMA noma ezifanayo.

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