Iyini i-High-Frequency PCB

Ama -PCB anemvamisa ephezulu ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngebanga lefrikhwensi lika-500MHz ukuya ku-2 GHz, elingahlangabezana nezidingo zedizayini ye-PCB enesivinini esikhulu, i-microwave, i-radiofrequency kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula. Uma ifrikhwensi ingaphezu kuka-1 GHz, singayichaza njengefrikhwensi ephezulu.

Namuhla, ubunkimbinkimbi bezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi namaswishi bulokhu bukhula, futhi ukugeleza kwesignali okusheshayo kuyadingeka kunokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, imvamisa yokudlulisela ephezulu iyadingeka. Lapho uhlanganisa izimfuneko zesignali ezikhethekile ezingxenyeni ze-elekthronikhi nemikhiqizo, i-PCB yefrikhwensi ephezulu inezinzuzo eziningi, ezifana nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, isivinini esisheshayo, ukuncishana phansi, kanye nokungaguquki kwe-dielectric.

High-frequency PCB - izinto ezikhethekile

Izinto ezikhethekile ziyadingeka ukuze kuqashelwe imvamisa ephezulu ehlinzekwa yilolu hlobo lwebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe, Ngoba noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwemvume yabo kungase kuthinte ukuvinjelwa kwama-PCB. Abaklami abaningi be-PCB bakhetha i-Rogers dielectric material ngoba inokulahlekelwa okuphansi kwe-dielectric, ukulahlekelwa kwesignali ephansi, izindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza isekethe, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-prototype phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Amakhono Esakhiwo Se-PCB Evamile

1. Uma umthofi omncane phakathi kwezikhonkwane zedivayisi ye-elekthronikhi enesivinini esikhulu uyagoba ngcono

Intambo eholayo ye-high-frequency circuit wiring ingcono umugqa ogcwele, odinga ukuguqulwa, futhi ungagoqwa ngomugqa we-45-degree noma i-arc eyindilinga. Le mfuneko isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuthuthukisa amandla okulungisa we-foil yethusi kumjikelezo we-low-frequency, futhi kumjikelezo we-high-frequency, okuqukethwe kuyaneliseka. Enye imfuneko ukunciphisa ukudluliswa kwangaphandle kanye nokuhlanganisa amasignali amafrikhwensi aphezulu.

2. Idivayisi yesekethe yefrikhwensi ephezulu phakathi kwezingqimba zamaphini ngokushintshana kancane ngangokunokwenzeka

Okubizwa ngokuthi "okungenani ukushintshanisa phakathi kwezingqimba zemikhondo kungcono" kusho ukuthi okumbalwa ngokusetshenziswa enqubweni yokuxhuma ingxenye, kungcono. I-Via ingaletha amandla asabalalisiwe acishe abe ngu-0.5pF, futhi ukunciphisa inani le-via kungakhuphula kakhulu isivinini futhi kunciphise amathuba okuba namaphutha edatha.

3. Ukuhola phakathi kwezikhonkwane zesekhethi yezinga eliphezulu kufushane ngangokunokwenzeka

Ukuqina okukhazimulayo kwesiginali kuhambisana nobude bokulandelela komugqa wesiginali. Uma isignali yemvamisa ephezulu ihola, kuba lula ukubhangqa engxenyeni eseduze nayo, ngakho-ke ngamawashi afana namasiginali, ikristalu, idatha ye-DDR, imigqa yamasignali yamaza aphezulu njengemigqa ye-LVDS, imigqa ye-USB, nemigqa ye-HDMI. zidingeka zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.

4. Naka "i-crosstalk" eyethulwe ngomugqa wesignali nomugqa ohambisanayo webanga elifushane

Izinkinga Ezinkulu Ezintathu Zokuklama Okuphezulu Kwe-PCB

Lapho usebenza ngedizayini ye-PCB enesivinini esikhulu, kunezinkinga eziningi ozohlangabezana nazo endleleni eya ekusizeni amasignali akho ahlangane ukusuka endaweni A ukuya endaweni engu-B. Kodwa kuzo zonke, izinto ezintathu eziphambili okufanele uziqaphele yilezi:

Isikhathi. Ngamanye amazwi, ingabe wonke amasiginali akusakhiwo sakho se-PCB afika ngesikhathi esifanele ngokuhlobene namanye amasiginali? Wonke amasiginali wesivinini esikhulu ekuhlelweni kwebhodi lakho alawulwa iwashi, futhi uma isikhathi sakho sivaliwe, cishe uyobe uthola idatha eyonakele.

Ubuqotho. Ngamanye amazwi, ingabe amasignali akho abukeka ngendlela efanele uma efika lapho uya khona? Uma bengenzi kanjalo, kusho ukuthi isiginali yakho kungenzeka ihlangabezane nokuphazamiseka okuthile endleleni okonakalise ubuqotho bayo.

Umsindo. Ngamanye amazwi, ingabe amasiginali akho ahlangabezane nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuphazamiseka ohambweni lwawo ukusuka kumthumeli kuya kowamukelayo? Yonke i-PCB ikhipha uhlobo oluthile lomsindo, kodwa uma umsindo omkhulu ukhona, ukhulisa amathuba okonakala kwedatha.

Manje, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi Izinkinga Ezinkulu Ezintathu ongahlangabezana nazo ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB enesivinini esikhulu zonke zingalungiswa yilezi Zixazululo Ezintathu Ezinkulu:

Impedance. Ukuba ne-impedance efanele phakathi kwesidluliseli sakho nomamukeli kuzoba nomthelela oqondile kwikhwalithi nobuqotho bezimpawu zakho. Lokhu kuzophinde kube nomthelela ekutheni amasignali akho azwela kangakanani emsindweni.

Ukufanisa. Ukufanisa ubude bokulandelelwa okubili okuhambisanayo kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukulandela kwakho kufika ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi kuvumelana nezinga lewashi lakho. Ukufanisa kuyisixazululo esibalulekile okufanele usibheke ku-DDR, SATA, PCI Express, HDMI, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-USB.

Isikhala. Lapho ukulandelelwa kwakho kusondelana, kuba lula ukuba kube sengozini yomsindo nezinye izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kwezimpawu. Ngokungabeki imikhondo yakho eduze kunalokho okumele kube khona, uzonciphisa inani lomsindo ebhodini lakho.

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