He aha ka High-Frequency PCB

Hāʻawi nā PCB kiʻekiʻe i kahi alapine o 500MHz a 2 GHz, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻolālā PCB kiʻekiʻe, microwave, radiofrequency a me nā noi kelepona. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka alapine ma mua o 1 GHz, hiki iā mākou ke wehewehe i ke alapine kiʻekiʻe.

I kēia lā, piʻi mau ka paʻakikī o nā ʻāpana uila a me nā hoʻololi, a koi ʻia kahi kahe hōʻailona wikiwiki ma mua o ka maʻamau. No laila, koi ʻia kahi alapine hoʻoili kiʻekiʻe. I ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā koi hōʻailona kūikawā i nā ʻāpana uila a me nā huahana, nui nā pono o ka PCB kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ka wikiwiki wikiwiki, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka mau dielectric mau.

PCB kiʻekiʻe - nā mea kūikawā

Pono nā mea kūikawā e hoʻomaopopo i ke alapine kiʻekiʻe i hāʻawi ʻia e kēia ʻano o ka papa kaapuni i paʻi ʻia, No ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi i kā lākou permittivity i ka impedance o nā PCB. Nui nā mea hoʻolālā PCB e koho i nā mea dielectric Rogers no ka mea he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kaapuni hana koina, a ʻoi aku ka kūpono no nā noi prototype wikiwiki i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Nā mākau hoʻolālā PCB kiʻekiʻe

1. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke alakaʻi liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā pine uila uila kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ka uea alakaʻi o ka wili kaapuni kiʻekiʻe he laina piha, pono e hoʻohuli ʻia, a hiki ke pelu ʻia e kahi laina 45-degere a i ʻole ka pōʻai pōʻai. Hoʻohana wale ʻia kēia koi no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka pahu keleawe i ke kaapuni haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ma ke kaapuni kiʻekiʻe-frequency, ua māʻona ka ʻike. ʻO kekahi koi e hōʻemi i ka hoʻouna ʻana i waho a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā hōʻailona alapine kiʻekiʻe.

2. ʻO ka mea hana kaapuni alapine kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā papa pine e emi iho me ka hiki

ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia "ʻo ka liʻiliʻi loa ma waena o nā papa o nā alakaʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi" ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka via i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaʻina hana pili, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Hiki i kahi via ke lawe mai i ka capacitance puʻunaue ma kahi o 0.5pF, a ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu o ka via hiki ke hoʻonui nui i ka wikiwiki a hōʻemi i ka hiki o nā hewa ʻikepili.

3. ʻO ke alakaʻi ma waena o nā pine mīkini kaʻapuni kiʻekiʻe ka pōkole e like me ka hiki

ʻO ka ikaika o ka'ālohilohi o ka hōʻailona e like me ka lōʻihi o ke ala o ka laina hōʻailona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke alakaʻi hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻāpana kokoke iā ia, no laila no nā wati e like me nā hōʻailona, ​​aniani, ʻikepili DDR, nā laina hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe e like me nā laina LVDS, nā laina USB, a me nā laina HDMI. koi ʻia e pōkole e like me ka hiki.

4. E noʻonoʻo i ka "crosstalk" i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka laina hōʻailona a me ka laina parallel mamao pōkole

ʻO nā pilikia nui ʻekolu o ka hoʻolālā PCB kiʻekiʻe

I ka hana ana i ka PCB hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe māmā holo, aia kekahi ton o nā pilikia āu e hālāwai ai ma ke ala e kiʻi ai i kāu mau hōʻailona e launa pū mai ka helu A a hiki i ka helu B.

Ka manawa. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ke hōʻea nei nā hōʻailona āpau ma kāu hoʻolālā PCB i ka manawa kūpono e pili ana i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe? ʻO nā hōʻailona holo kiʻekiʻe a pau ma kāu hoʻolālā papa e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka uaki, a inā pau kou manawa, a laila e loaʻa ana paha iā ʻoe ka ʻikepili ʻino.

Pono pono. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ke nānā aku nei kāu mau hōʻailona e like me ka mea e pono ai ke hōʻea lākou i ko lākou hopena hope? Inā ʻaʻole lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua loaʻa paha kāu hōʻailona i kekahi pilikia ma ke ala e hōʻino ai i kona kūpaʻa.

walaʻau. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ua hālāwai paha kāu mau hōʻailona i kekahi ʻano keakea ma kā lākou huakaʻi mai ka transmitter a i ka mea hoʻokipa? Hoʻopuka kēlā me kēia PCB i kekahi ʻano walaʻau, akā inā nui ka walaʻau, a laila hoʻonui ʻoe i ka manawa o ka palaho ʻikepili.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka nūhou maikaʻi ʻo kēia mau pilikia nui ʻekolu āu e hālāwai ai ma kahi hoʻolālā PCB kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia e kēia mau Manaʻo Nui ʻekolu:

Ka hoʻopalekana. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka impedance kūpono ma waena o kāu transmitter a me ka mea hoʻokipa e loaʻa i ka hopena pololei i ka maikaʻi a me ka pololei o kāu mau hōʻailona. E pili ana kēia i ka naʻau o kāu mau hōʻailona i ka walaʻau.

Hoʻolikelike. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka lōʻihi o ʻelua meheu i hui pū ʻia e hōʻoia i ka hōʻea ʻana o kāu mau meheu i ka manawa like a me ka sync me kāu mau uaki. He hopena koʻikoʻi ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana no ka DDR, SATA, PCI Express, HDMI, a me nā noi USB.

Kaʻawale. ʻOi aku ka pili ʻana o kāu mau meheu i kekahi i kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o lākou i ka walaʻau a me nā ʻano ʻano hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. Ma ka hoʻokomo ʻole ʻana i kāu meheu ma mua o ka mea e pono ai, e hōʻemi ʻoe i ka nui o ka walaʻau ma kāu papa.

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